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Facebook is an American online social media and social networking provider owned by Facebook, Inc.
Facebook
Facebook f emblem (2019).Svg
Facebook Logo (2019).Svg
Screenshot
Facebook user web page (2019).Png
Mark Zuckerberg's profile (viewed from the login web page)
Type of website
Social networking carrier
Publisher
Available in
111 languages[1]
List of languages
Multilingual
Afrikaans, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Armenian, Assamese, Azerbaijani, Basque, Belarusian, Bengali, Bosnian, Breton, Bulgarian, Burmese, Catalan, Cebuano, Corsican, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Dutch (België), English (UK), English (US), English (the wrong way up), Esperanto, Estonian, Faroese, Filipino, Finnish, French (Canada), French (France), Frisian, Fula, Galician, Georgian, German, Greek, Guarani, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Japanese (Kansai), Javanese, Kannada, Kazakh, Khmer, Kinyarwanda, Korean, Kurdish (Kurmanji), Kyrgyz, Lao, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malagasy, Malay, Malayalam, Maltese, Marathi, Mongolian, Nepali, Norwegian (bokmal), Norwegian (nynorsk), Oriya, Pashto, Persian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazil), Portuguese (Portugal), Punjabi, Romanian, Russian, Sardinian, Serbian, Shona, Silesian, Simplified Chinese (China), Sinhala, Slovak, Slovenian, Somali, Sorani Kurdish, Spanish, Spanish (Spain), Swahili, Swedish, Syriac, Tajik, Tamazight, Tamil, Tatar, Telugu, Thai, Traditional Chinese (Hong Kong), Traditional Chinese (Taiwan), Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Uzbek, Vietnamese, Welsh and Zaza
Founded
February 4, 2004; 17 years ago in Cambridge, Massachusetts
Area served
Worldwide, except blocking nations
Founder(s)
Mark Zuckerberg
CEO
Mark Zuckerberg
Parent
Facebook, Inc.
URL
www.Facebook.Com
Registration
Required to do any pastime
Users
Increase 2.Eighty five billion monthly active users (as of 31 March 2021)[2]
Launched
February four, 2004; 17 years ago
Current reputation
Active
Written in
C++, Hack (as HHVM), D
[3][4][5][6]
Founded in 2004 via Mark Zuckerberg with fellow Harvard College students and roommates Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes, its name comes from the face ebook directories regularly given to American college students. Membership was to start with restricted to Harvard college students, gradually expanding to other North American universities and, in view that 2006, absolutely everyone over 13 years antique. As of 2020, Facebook claimed 2.Eight billion monthly lively users,[2] and ranked 7th in global net usage.[7] It changed into the most downloaded cell app of the 2010s.[8]
Facebook may be accessed from gadgets with Internet connectivity, along with personal computers, pills and smartphones. After registering, users can create a profile revealing statistics about themselves. They can post text, photos and multimedia which are shared with another customers who've agreed to be their "friend" or, with distinctive privateness settings, publicly. Users also can communicate immediately with each other with Facebook Messenger, be part of commonplace-hobby companies, and receive notifications on the activities of their Facebook pals and pages they follow.
The issue of numerous controversies, Facebook has regularly been criticized over troubles which includes person privacy (as with the Cambridge Analytica facts scandal), political manipulation (as with the 2016 U.S. Elections), mass surveillance,[9] mental effects including dependancy and low vanity, and content material which include fake information, conspiracy theories, copyright infringement, and hate speech.[10] Commentators have accused Facebook of willingly facilitating the unfold of such content,[11][12][13][14] as well as exaggerating its quantity of users to attraction to advertisers.[15]
History
Further facts: History of Facebook
2003–2006: Thefacebook, Thiel investment, and call change
Original format and call of Thefacebook in 2004, showing Al Pacino's face superimposed with binary numbers as Facebook's authentic logo, designed through co-founder Andrew McCollum[16]
Zuckerberg constructed a website known as "Facemash" in 2003 while attending Harvard University. The web site become akin to Hot or Not and used "pix compiled from the online face books of nine Houses, setting next to every different at a time and asking customers to choose the "hotter" person".[17] Facemash attracted 450 site visitors and 22,000 photo-views in its first four hours.[18] The web page became despatched to numerous campus institution listservs, however become shut down a few days later by means of Harvard management. Zuckerberg confronted expulsion and become charged with breaching protection, violating copyrights and violating person privateness. Ultimately, the costs have been dropped.[17] Zuckerberg extended on this challenge that semester by way of creating a social observe device beforehand of an artwork records final examination. He uploaded all artwork pictures to a internet site, every of which became accompanied by a comments phase, then shared the web page together with his classmates.[19]
A "face e book" is a scholar directory offering pix and personal records.[18] In 2003, Harvard had best a paper model[20] in conjunction with non-public on-line directories.[17][21] Zuckerberg instructed The Harvard Crimson, "Everyone's been speakme lots approximately a commonplace face book inside Harvard. ... I assume it's kind of silly that it might take the University multiple years to get round to it. I can do it better than they can, and I can do it in a week."[21] In January 2004, Zuckerberg coded a new website, referred to as "TheFacebook", inspired through a Crimson editorial about Facemash, declaring, "It is apparent that the technology needed to create a centralized Website is with no trouble available ... The blessings are many." Zuckerberg met with Harvard pupil Eduardo Saverin, and every of them agreed to make investments $1,000 in the web site.[22] On February 4, 2004, Zuckerberg released "TheFacebook", at the start positioned at thefacebook.Com.[23]
Mark Zuckerberg, co-writer of Facebook, in his Harvard dorm room, 2005
Six days after the website released, Harvard seniors Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra accused Zuckerberg of deliberately misleading them into believing that he might help them build a social network referred to as HarvardConnection.Com. They claimed that he became instead using their ideas to construct a competing product.[24] The three complained to the Crimson and the newspaper began an research. They later sued Zuckerberg, settling in 2008[25] for 1.2 million stocks (well worth $300 million at Facebook's IPO).[26]
Membership was first of all restrained to students of Harvard College. Within a month, more than 1/2 the undergraduates had registered.[27] Dustin Moskovitz, Andrew McCollum, and Chris Hughes joined Zuckerberg to assist control the increase of the internet site.[28] In March 2004, Facebook increased to Columbia, Stanford and Yale.[29] It then became available to all Ivy League schools, Boston University, NYU, MIT, and successively most universities inside the United States and Canada.[30][31]
In mid-2004, Napster co-founder and entrepreneur Sean Parker—an casual consultant to Zuckerberg—became agency president.[32] In June 2004, the corporation moved to Palo Alto, California.[33] It acquired its first funding later that month from PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel.[34] In 2005, the business enterprise dropped "the" from its call after purchasing the domain call Facebook.Com for US$two hundred,000.[35] The area had belonged to AboutFace Corporation.
In May 2005, Accel Partners invested $12.7 million in Facebook, and Jim Breyer[36] brought $1 million of his personal money. A high-college version of the website launched in September 2005.[37] Eligibility extended to consist of personnel of numerous agencies, including Apple Inc. And Microsoft.[38]
2006–2012: Public get admission to, Microsoft alliance, and fast boom
In May 2006, Facebook hired its first intern, Julie Zhuo.[39] After a month, Zhuo changed into employed as a full-time engineer.[39] On September 26, 2006, Facebook opened to every body at the least thirteen years vintage with a legitimate electronic mail cope with.[40][41][42] By late 2007, Facebook had one hundred,000 pages on which businesses promoted themselves.[43] Organization pages started out rolling out in May 2009.[44] On October 24, 2007, Microsoft announced that it had purchased a 1.6% share of Facebook for $240 million, giving Facebook a complete implied value of around $15 billion. Microsoft's purchase protected rights to region international advertisements.[45][46]
In May 2007, at the first f8 builders conference, Facebook announced the release of the Facebook Developer Platform, supplying a framework for software program builders to create applications that engage with core Facebook functions. By the second one annual f8 developers convention on July 23, 2008, the quantity of programs on the platform had grown to 33,000, and the number of registered builders had handed 400,000.[47]
In October 2008, Facebook announced that its worldwide headquarters might locate in Dublin, Ireland.[48] In September 2009, Facebook said that it had accomplished high-quality cash drift for the primary time.[49] A January 2009 Compete.Com look at ranked Facebook the most used social networking service via international month-to-month lively users.[50]
The organisation announced 500 million users in July 2010.[51] Half of the website online's club used Facebook day by day, for a mean of 34 mins, whilst one hundred fifty million users accessed the site from cell devices. A organization representative referred to as the milestone a "quiet revolution."[52] In October 2010 organizations are delivered.[53] In November 2010, based on SecondMarket Inc. (an change for privately held companies' shares), Facebook's price turned into $41 billion. The organisation had barely surpassed eBay to come to be the third largest American internet business enterprise after Google and Amazon.Com.[54][55]
On November 15, 2010, Facebook introduced it had received the domain call facebook.Com from the American Farm Bureau Federation for an undisclosed amount. On January 11, 2011, the Farm Bureau disclosed $8.Five million in "domain income earnings", making the acquisition of FB.Com one of the ten maximum domain income in records.[56]
In February 2011, Facebook introduced plans to transport its headquarters to the former Sun Microsystems campus in Menlo Park, California.[57][58] In March 2011, it become said that Facebook became disposing of approximately 20,000 profiles daily for violations along with unsolicited mail, photo content material and underage use, as a part of its efforts to enhance cyber safety.[59] Statistics confirmed that Facebook reached 1000000000000 web page perspectives in the month of June 2011, making it the most visited internet site tracked by way of DoubleClick.[60][61] According to a Nielsen observe, Facebook had in 2011 become the second-most accessed website within the U.S. At the back of Google.[62][63]
China blocked Facebook in 2009.[64]
2012–2013: IPO, court cases, and one-billionth user
Further facts: Initial public offering of Facebook
In March 2012, Facebook introduced App Center, a store selling programs that function via the website. The store become to be available on iPhones, Android devices, and for cell web users.[65]
Billboard on the Thomson Reuters building welcomes Facebook to NASDAQ, May 2012
Facebook's initial public presenting got here on May 17, 2012, at a proportion rate of US$38. The agency become worth $104 billion, the largest valuation to that date.[66][67][68] The IPO raised $sixteen billion, the 1/3-largest in U.S. History, after Visa Inc. In 2008 and AT&T Wireless in 2000.[69][70] Based on its 2012 income of $5 billion, Facebook joined the Fortune 500 list for the first time in May 2013, ranked 462.[71] The shares set a first day record for buying and selling volume of an IPO (460 million stocks).[72] The IPO become controversial given the instantaneous charge declines that followed,[73][74][75][76] and turned into the concern of lawsuits,[77] even as SEC and FINRA each released investigations.[78]
Zuckerberg announced on the begin of October 2012 that Facebook had 1000000000 month-to-month lively customers,[79] inclusive of 600 million cell users, 219 billion image uploads and a hundred and forty billion friend connections.[80]
2013–2014: Site trends, A4AI, and tenth anniversary
On January 15, 2013, Facebook introduced Facebook Graph Search, which presents users with a "particular answer", instead of a hyperlink to a solution by means of leveraging statistics present on its web page.[81] Facebook emphasised that the characteristic might be "privacy-conscious", returning outcomes best from content already shared with the user.[82] On April 3, 2013, Facebook unveiled Facebook Home, a person-interface layer for Android devices offering extra integration with the web site. HTC introduced HTC First, a cellphone with Home pre-loaded.[83]
On April 15, 2013, Facebook announced an alliance throughout 19 states with the National Association of Attorneys General, to offer young adults and dad and mom with facts on tools to control social networking profiles.[84] On April 19 Facebook modified its logo to remove the faint blue line at the bottom of the "F" icon. The letter F moved in the direction of the threshold of the box.[85]
Following a marketing campaign by using a hundred advocacy businesses, Facebook agreed to replace its policy on hate speech. The marketing campaign highlighted content material selling home violence and sexual violence towards ladies and led 15 advertisers to withdraw, inclusive of Nissan UK, House of Burlesque, and Nationwide UK. The company initially stated, "even as it may be vulgar and offensive, distasteful content on its very own does now not violate our policies".[86] It took motion on May 29.[87]
On June 12, Facebook introduced that it turned into introducing clickable hashtags to assist users observe trending discussions, or seek what others are speaking about on a subject.[88] San Mateo County, California, became the top salary-incomes county in the country after the fourth area of 2012 because of Facebook. The Bureau of Labor Statistics mentioned that the average income become 107% higher than the preceding 12 months, at $168,000 a year, greater than 50% higher than the next-maximum county, New York County (higher referred to as Manhattan), at roughly $110,000 a year.[89]
Facebook joined Alliance for Affordable Internet (A4AI) in October, because it released. The A4AI is a coalition of public and private businesses that includes Google, Intel and Microsoft. Led through Sir Tim Berners-Lee, the A4AI seeks to make Internet get entry to more affordable to ease get admission to in the growing global.[90]
The organization celebrated its 10th anniversary in the course of the week of February three, 2014.[91] In January 2014, over a thousand million customers connected through a mobile device.[92] As of June, mobile accounted for sixty two% of marketing sales, an growth of 21% from the preceding yr.[93] By September Facebook's market capitalization had surpassed $two hundred billion.[94][95][96]
Zuckerberg participated in a Q&A session at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China, on October 23, in which he tried to communicate in Mandarin. Zuckerberg hosted journeying Chinese flesh presser Lu Wei, called the "Internet czar" for his have an effect on in China's online coverage, on December eight.[97][98][99]
2015–2020: Improvement; fake news
As of 2015, Facebook's set of rules changed into revised in an try and filter fake or misleading content, together with fake news memories and hoaxes. It trusted customers who flag a story for that reason. Facebook maintained that satirical content material have to no longer be intercepted.[100] The set of rules was accused of maintaining a "filter bubble", in which cloth the person disagrees with[101] and posts with few likes could be deprioritized.[102] In November, Facebook extended paternity leave from 4 weeks to 4 months.[103]
On April 12, 2016, Zuckerberg outlined his 10-12 months vision, which rested on three important pillars: synthetic intelligence, improved global connectivity, and digital and augmented truth.[104] In July, a US$1 billion fit turned into filed against the organisation alleging that it accredited Hamas to apply it to perform attacks that cost the lives of four humans.[105] Facebook released its blueprints of Surround 360 camera on GitHub beneath an open-source license.[106] In September, it gained an Emmy for its lively brief "Henry".[107] In October, Facebook announced a price-primarily based communications device known as Workplace that pursuits to "join each person" at work. Users can create profiles, see updates from co-people on their news feed, move stay films and take part in comfy organization chats.[108]
Following the 2016 presidential election, Facebook announced that it'd combat faux information with the aid of the use of truth checkers from sites like FactCheck.Org and Associated Press (AP), making reporting hoaxes less complicated through crowdsourcing, and disrupting financial incentives for abusers.[109]
Oculus VR headset[110]
On January 17, 2017, Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg planned to open Station F, a startup incubator campus in Paris, France.[111] On a six-month cycle, Facebook dedicated to work with ten to fifteen information-pushed startups there.[112] On April 18, Facebook introduced the beta launch of Facebook Spaces at its annual F8 developer convention.[113] Facebook Spaces is a digital truth model of Facebook for Oculus VR goggles. In a digital and shared area, users can get entry to a curated selection of 360-diploma pix and movies using their avatar, with the guide of the controller. Users can get admission to their personal pictures and films, along side media shared on their newsfeed.[114] In September, Facebook announced it would spend as much as US$1 billion on original shows for its Facebook Watch platform.[115] On October sixteen, it obtained the nameless praise app tbh, pronouncing its intention to depart the app impartial.[116][117][118][119]
In May 2018 at F8, the organization introduced it would provide its own relationship carrier. Shares in competitor Match Group fell with the aid of 22%.[120] Facebook Dating consists of privacy functions and friends are unable to view their pals' relationship profile.[121] In July, Facebook become charged £500,000 through UK watchdogs for failing to reply to records erasure requests.[122] On July 18, Facebook set up a subsidiary named Lianshu Science & Technology in Hangzhou City, China, with $30 million of capital. All its stocks are held by way of Facebook Hong.[123] Approval of the registration of the subsidiary turned into then withdrawn, due to a disagreement between officers in Zhejiang province and the Cyberspace Administration of China.[124] On July 26, Facebook became the first business enterprise to lose over $a hundred billion really worth of market capitalization in someday, dropping from almost $630 billion to $510 billion after disappointing sales reviews.[125][126] On July 31, Facebook said that the agency had deleted 17 money owed related to the 2018 U.S. Midterm elections. On September 19, Facebook introduced that, for information distribution out of doors the USA, it would paintings with U.S. Funded democracy merchandising businesses, International Republican Institute and the National Democratic Institute, which might be loosely affiliated with the Republican and Democratic parties.[127] Through the Digital Forensic Research Lab Facebook companions with the Atlantic Council, a NATO-affiliated assume tank.[127] In November, Facebook launched clever displays branded Portal and Portal Plus (Portal+). They guide Amazon's Alexa (wise personal assistant provider). The gadgets encompass video chat characteristic with Facebook Messenger.[128][129]
In August 2018, a lawsuit become filed in Oakland, California claiming that Facebook created faux debts a good way to inflate its user facts and enchantment to advertisers within the system.[15]
Aerial view of Facebook campus in Menlo Park, California
In January 2019, the ten yr venture became began[130] asking users to post a image of themselves from 10 years in the past (2009) and a greater recent photograph.[131]
Criticized for its position in vaccine hesitancy, Facebook introduced in March 2019 that it might provide users with "authoritative records" on the topic of vaccines.[132] A have a look at within the journal Vaccine[133] of classified ads published within the 3 months previous to that determined that 54% of the anti-vaccine advertisements on Facebook had been placed by way of simply enterprises funded through famous anti-vaccination activists.[134] The Children's Health Defense / World Mercury Project chaired through Robert F. Kennedy Jr. And Stop Mandatory Vaccination, run through campaigner Larry Cook, published fifty four% of the classified ads. The ads often related to commercial products, which includes natural remedies and books.
On March 14, the Huffington Post reported that Facebook's PR company had paid a person to tweak Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg's Wikipedia web page, as well as adding a page for the worldwide head of PR, Caryn Marooney.[135]
In March 2019, the offender of the Christchurch mosque shootings in New Zealand used Facebook to movement live photos of the assault as it spread out. Facebook took 29 mins to stumble on the livestreamed video, which was eight minutes longer than it took police to arrest the gunman. About 1.3m copies of the video had been blocked from Facebook however three hundred,000 copies had been posted and shared. Facebook has promised adjustments to its platform; spokesman Simon Dilner informed Radio New Zealand that it can have finished a better task. Several agencies, inclusive of the ANZ and ASB banks, have stopped advertising on Facebook after the employer changed into broadly condemned by using the general public.[136] Following the assault, Facebook began blocking white nationalist, white supremacist, and white separatist content, pronouncing that they couldn't be meaningfully separated. Previously, Facebook had most effective blocked brazenly supremacist content material. The older policy had been condemned by way of civil rights businesses, who defined those actions as functionally vague.[137][138] Further bans were made in mid-April 2019, banning several British a long way-right companies and related individuals from Facebook, and additionally banning praise or aid for them.[139][140]
NTJ's member Moulavi Zahran Hashim, a thorough Islamist imam believed to be the mastermind in the back of the 2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings, preached on a pro-ISIL Facebook account, known as "Al-Ghuraba" media.[141][142]
Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg and Facebook executives with President Donald Trump in September 2019
On May 2, 2019, at F8, the agency announced its new vision with the tagline "the future is private".[143] A redesign of the website and cell app become brought, dubbed as "FB5".[144] The event additionally featured plans for improving corporations,[145] a relationship platform,[146] end-to-end encryption on its platforms,[147] and allowing customers on Messenger to talk without delay with WhatsApp and Instagram users.[148][149]
On July 31, 2019, Facebook introduced a partnership with University of California, San Francisco to construct a non-invasive, wearable tool that lets people kind through truely imagining themselves talking.[150]
On September five, 2019, Facebook released Facebook Dating inside the United States. This new application lets in users to combine their Instagram posts in their dating profile.[151]
Facebook News, which functions selected tales from news businesses, was launched on October 25.[152] Facebook's choice to encompass some distance-proper website Breitbart News as a "trusted supply" was negatively obtained.[153][154]
On November 17, 2019, the banking information for 29,000 Facebook personnel changed into stolen from a payroll worker's car. The records turned into saved on unencrypted tough drives and covered bank account numbers, employee names, the remaining 4 digits in their social security numbers, salaries, bonuses, and equity details. The enterprise didn't comprehend the tough drives have been lacking till November 20. Facebook confirmed that the drives contained employee data on November 29. Employees weren't notified of the damage-in until December thirteen, 2019.[155]
On March 10, 2020, Facebook appointed new directors Tracey Travis and Nancy Killefer to their board of contributors.[156]
In June 2020, several principal groups such as Adidas, Aviva, Coca-Cola, Ford, HP, Intercontinental Hotels Group, Mars, Starbucks, Target, and Unilever, announced they might pause adverts on Facebook for July in help of the Stop Hate for Profit marketing campaign which claimed the corporation became not doing sufficient to get rid of hateful content material.[157] The BBC noted that this turned into not likely to affect the agency as maximum of Facebook's advertising revenue comes from small- to medium-sized corporations.[158]
On August 14, 2020, Facebook started out integrating the direct messaging service of Instagram with its own Messenger for both iOS and Android devices. After the update, an update display is stated to pop up on Instagram's cell app with the following message, "There’s a New Way to Message on Instagram" with a listing of additional features. As a part of the update, the everyday DM icon on the top right corner of Instagram will be replaced through the Facebook Messenger emblem.[159]
On September 15, 2020, Facebook released a weather technological know-how statistics centre to promote authoritative voices on climate change and provide access of "actual and up-to-date" data on weather technological know-how. It featured information, figures and information from companies, inclusive of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Met Office, UN Environment Programme (UNEP), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and World Meteorological Organization (WMO), with applicable information posts.[160]
After the USA election, Facebook tweaked the news feed to quantify the trustworthiness and first-rate of a news supply. With this Facebook reduce Election-associated misinformation and hate speech without hurting the company's backside line.[161]
2020–present: FTC lawsuit
Facebook turned into sued by using the Federal Trade Commission as well as a coalition of numerous states for illegal monopolization and antitrust. The FTC and states sought the courts to pressure Facebook to sell its subsidiaries WhatsApp and Instagram.[162][163] The fits were dismissed by way of a federal judge on June 28, 2021, who stated that there has been not enough evidence introduced in the suit to decide Facebook to be a monopoly at this factor, although allowed the FTC to amend its case to include additional evidence.[164]
In response to the proposed invoice in the Australian Parliament for a News Media Bargaining Code, on February 17, 2021, Facebook blocked Australian users from sharing or viewing news content on its platform, as well as pages of some government, network, union, charity, political, and emergency offerings.[165] The Australian government strongly criticised the pass, saying it demonstrated the "great market strength of those digital social giants".[166]
On February 22 Facebook stated it reached an settlement with the Australian authorities that could see information returning to Australian customers in the coming days. As a part of this agreement, Facebook and Google can avoid the News Media Bargaining Code adopted on February 25 in the event that they "attain a business good buy with a information business outside the Code".[167][168][169]
Facebook has been accused of doing away with and shadow banning content material that spoke both in choose of protesting Indian farmers or towards Narendra Modi's authorities.[170][171][172] India-based personnel of Facebook are vulnerable to arrest.[173]
Although Facebook's rules state that it is "towards the Facebook Community Standards to maintain more than one private account,"[174] Facebook avoids implementing this rule; even when multiple non-public debts are suggested for interest, they pass the investigation, or even Facebook users with much less than one hundred pal connections may see a couple of instances among those 100 that have to constitute either friends with multiple personal money owed or imposters claiming to be the ones humans.
On 29 June 2021 Facebook introduced Bulletin, a platform for impartial writers. [175] [176]
Website
Further records: List of Facebook functions and Facebook Platform
Profile shown on Thefacebook in 2005
Previous Facebook brand in use from August 23, 2005, until July 1, 2015
Technical factors
This segment's actual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date data. The cause given is: Facebook now not makes use of HipHop for PHP. (August 2020)
The internet site's number one shade is blue as Zuckerberg is red–inexperienced colorblind, a attention that occurred after a test undertaken around 2007.[177][178] Facebook is built in PHP, compiled with HipHop for PHP, a "supply code transformer" built by way of Facebook engineers that turns PHP into C++.[179] The deployment of HipHop reportedly decreased common CPU consumption on Facebook servers through 50%.[180]
2012 structure
Facebook is developed as one monolithic utility. According to an interview in 2012 with Facebook build engineer Chuck Rossi, Facebook compiles right into a 1.Five GB binary blob which is then distributed to the servers the usage of a custom BitTorrent-primarily based release system. Rossi said that it takes approximately 15 minutes to construct and 15 minutes to launch to the servers. The build and release procedure has 0 downtime. Changes to Facebook are rolled out day by day.[180]
Facebook used a combination platform based on HBase to save facts across disbursed machines. Using a tailing structure, occasions are saved in log files, and the logs are tailed. The gadget rolls those events up and writes them to garage. The user interface then pulls the records out and displays it to customers. Facebook handles requests as AJAX conduct. These requests are written to a log file the usage of Scribe (developed by Facebook).[181]
Data is examine from these log documents the use of Ptail, an internally built device to mixture facts from multiple Scribe shops. It tails the log files and pulls information out. Ptail statistics are separated into 3 streams and sent to clusters in extraordinary statistics facilities (Plugin affect, News feed impressions, Actions (plugin + information feed)). Puma is used to control intervals of high statistics go with the flow (Input/Output or IO). Data is processed in batches to reduce the quantity of instances had to examine and write below excessive demand durations (A warm article generates many impressions and information feed impressions that cause massive facts skews). Batches are taken every 1.5 seconds, restricted by using reminiscence used when developing a hash table.[181]
Data is then output in PHP format. The backend is written in Java. Thrift is used because the messaging format so PHP programs can question Java offerings. Caching answers display pages extra quick. The information is then despatched to MapReduce servers wherein it is queried thru Hive. This serves as a backup as the records may be recovered from Hive.[181]
Content transport community (CDN)
Further records: Content Delivery Network
Facebook uses a CDN or 'edge network' under the area fbcdn.Net for serving static statistics.[182][183] Until the mid 2010s, Facebook also depended on akamai as the CDN carrier issuer.[184][185][186]
Hack
On March 20, 2014, Facebook announced a brand new open-source programming language called Hack. Before public release, a huge part of Facebook become already going for walks and "battle tested" using the new language.[187]
Facebook BARS
On February 27, 2021, Facebook introduced Facebook BARS app for rappers.[188]
History
On July 20, 2008, Facebook added "Facebook Beta", a significant redecorate of its person interface on decided on networks. The Mini-Feed and Wall had been consolidated, profiles had been separated into tabbed sections, and an effort turned into made to create a cleanser appearance.[189] Facebook started migrating customers to the new version in September 2008.[190]
User profile/personal timeline
Facebook login/signup display
Each registered consumer on Facebook has a non-public profile that indicates their posts and content material.[191] The format of character user pages changed into remodeled in September 2011 and became referred to as "Timeline", a chronological feed of a consumer's stories,[192][193] along with fame updates, pix, interactions with apps and events.[194] The format let users upload a "cover photograph".[194] Users had been given greater privateness settings.[194] In 2007, Facebook released Facebook Pages for manufacturers and celebrities to have interaction with their fanbase.[195][196] a hundred,000 Pages released in November.[197] In June 2009, Facebook introduced a "Usernames" feature, permitting customers to select a unique nickname used inside the URL for their non-public profile, for less difficult sharing.[198][199]
In February 2014, Facebook elevated the gender placing, including a custom enter discipline that permits users to choose from a huge variety of gender identities. Users can also set which set of gender-specific pronoun ought to be used in connection with them in the course of the web site.[200][201][202] In May 2014, Facebook added a characteristic to permit users to invite for facts now not disclosed with the aid of other users on their profiles. If a user does not provide key facts, such as place, place of birth, or relationship popularity, other customers can use a new "ask" button to send a message asking approximately that object to the user in a unmarried click.[203][204]
News Feed
Further statistics: News Feed
News Feed appears on every consumer's homepage and highlights records inclusive of profile adjustments, upcoming events and pals' birthdays.[205] This enabled spammers and other users to govern those capabilities by way of growing illegitimate events or posting fake birthdays to draw attention to their profile or motive.[206] Initially, the News Feed prompted dissatisfaction among Facebook users; some complained it changed into too cluttered and full of undesired information, others have been concerned that it made it too smooth for others to music man or woman sports (which include dating popularity adjustments, occasions, and conversations with other users).[207] Zuckerberg apologized for the web page's failure to encompass suitable privateness capabilities. Users then won manipulate over what kinds of statistics are shared robotically with pals. Users are actually capable of save you user-set classes of pals from seeing updates about certain varieties of activities, together with profile modifications, Wall posts and newly added buddies.[208]
On February 23, 2010, Facebook became granted a patent[209] on sure aspects of its News Feed. The patent covers News Feeds wherein links are furnished so that one consumer can take part inside the activity of any other user.[210] The sorting and display of testimonies in a user's News Feed is governed by the EdgeRank set of rules.[211]
The Photos utility allows users to add albums and photos.[212] Each album can contain 200 images.[213] Privacy settings observe to character albums. Users can "tag", or label, friends in a photo. The friend gets a notification approximately the tag with a link to the photo.[214] This image tagging characteristic was advanced through Aaron Sittig, now a Design Strategy Lead at Facebook, and former Facebook engineer Scott Marlette returned in 2006 and become most effective granted a patent in 2011.[215][216]
On June 7, 2012, Facebook launched its App Center to assist users locate video games and other applications.[217]
On May thirteen, 2015, Facebook in association with major information portals launched "Instant Articles" to offer news on the Facebook news feed with out leaving the website online.[218][219]
In January 2017, Facebook launched Facebook Stories for iOS and Android in Ireland. The function, following the layout of Snapchat and Instagram stories, lets in users to upload pix and movies that appear above pals' and followers' News Feeds and disappear after 24 hours.[220]
On October 11, 2017, Facebook added the 3D Posts function to allow for importing interactive 3-D belongings.[221] On January eleven, 2018, Facebook announced that it'd exchange News Feed to prioritize friends/own family content and de-emphasize content from media companies.[222]
In February 2020, Facebook introduced it'd spend $1 billion to license information cloth from publishers for the subsequent three years; a pledge coming because the corporation falls underneath scrutiny from governments across the globe over procuring news content material appearing at the platform. The pledge might be in addition to the $six hundred million paid on account that 2018 via offers with information businesses inclusive of The Guardian and Financial Times.[223][224][225]
In March and April 2021, in reaction to Apple saying modifications to its iOS tool's Identifier for Advertisers coverage, which included requiring app developers to immediately request to users the ability to track on an decide-in foundation, Facebook purchased full-web page newspaper classified ads trying to persuade customers to allow monitoring, highlighting the results centered commercials have on small groups.[226] Facebook's efforts had been in the long run unsuccessful, as Apple launched iOS 14.Five in overdue April 2021, containing the characteristic for users in what has been deemed "App Tracking Transparency". Moreover, data from Verizon Communications subsidiary Flurry Analytics display ninety six% of all iOS customers within the United States aren't permitting monitoring at all, and handiest 12% of worldwide iOS users are permitting monitoring, which a few information stores deem "Facebook's nightmare", amongst similar terms.[227][228][229][230] Despite the news, Facebook has stated that the brand new policy and software update might be "manageable".[231]
Like button
Further statistics: Facebook like button
Human billboard marketing Facebook Canberra in the City web page on the National Multicultural Festival
The "like" button, stylized as a "thumbs up" icon, turned into first enabled on February nine, 2009,[232] and allows customers to effortlessly have interaction with status updates, feedback, pics and movies, hyperlinks shared by pals, and commercials. Once clicked with the aid of a user, the targeted content is more likely to appear in friends' News Feeds.[233][234] The button shows the number of different users who've favored the content material.[235] The like button changed into extended to comments in June 2010.[236] In February 2016, Facebook increased Like into "Reactions", deciding on among five pre-described feelings, such as "Love", "Haha", "Wow", "Sad", or "Angry".[237][238][239][240] In late April 2020, in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, a new "Care" reaction changed into brought.[241]
Instant messaging
Main article: Facebook Messenger
Facebook Messenger is an instantaneous messaging provider and software program software. It began as Facebook Chat in 2008,[242] become made over in 2010[243] and ultimately have become a standalone mobile app in August 2011, even as remaining a part of the consumer web page on browsers.[244]
Complementing normal conversations, Messenger shall we users make one-to-one[245] and organization[246] voice[247] and video calls.[248] Its Android app has included help for SMS[249] and "Chat Heads", which might be round profile photograph icons appearing on-display irrespective of what app is open,[250] while each apps support more than one bills,[251] conversations with non-obligatory quit-to-give up encryption[252] and "Instant Games".[253] Some features, which include sending cash[254] and inquiring for transportation,[255] are restrained to the United States.[254] In 2017, Facebook delivered "Messenger Day", a characteristic that lets users percentage pix and videos in a story-format with all their buddies with the content material disappearing after 24 hours;[256] Reactions, which lets customers faucet and maintain a message to feature a response through an emoji;[257] and Mentions, which shall we customers in institution conversations type @ to provide a specific consumer a notification.[257]
Businesses and customers can have interaction via Messenger with capabilities inclusive of monitoring purchases and receiving notifications, and interacting with customer service representatives. Third-celebration builders can combine apps into Messenger, letting customers enter an app even as inside Messenger and optionally percentage details from the app into a talk.[258] Developers can build chatbots into Messenger, for uses together with news publishers building bots to distribute information.[259] The M digital assistant (U.S.) scans chats for key phrases and suggests applicable moves, inclusive of its bills device for users citing money.[260][261] Group chatbots seem in Messenger as "Chat Extensions". A "Discovery" tab permits locating bots, and allowing special, branded QR codes that, whilst scanned, take the person to a specific bot.[262]
Following
Users can "Follow" content posted by means of other customers with no need to buddy them.[263] Accounts may be "confirmed", confirming a consumer's identification.[264]
Privacy controls
See also: § Privacy
PRISM: a clandestine surveillance software beneath which the NSA collects person information from agencies like Facebook and Yahoo![265]
Facebook permits customers to manipulate access to individual posts and their profile[266] thru privateness settings.[267] The person's call and profile image (if relevant) are public. Facebook's sales relies upon on focused advertising, which includes studying consumer facts (from the site and the broader net) to inform the concentrated on. These facilities have changed time and again because the service's debut, amid a chain of controversies protecting the whole lot from how well it secures user statistics, to what extent it permits customers to manipulate access, to the kinds of access given to 1/3 events, including agencies, political campaigns and governments. These centers range consistent with u . S ., as some nations require the business enterprise to make information to be had (and restriction get right of entry to to services), while the European Union's GDPR law mandates extra privacy protections.[268]
Facebook Bug Bounty Program
A Facebook "White Hat" debit card, given to researchers who record security bugs.
On July 29, 2011, Facebook introduced its Bug Bounty Program that paid security researchers not less than $500 for reporting security holes. The organisation promised now not to pursue "white hat" hackers who recognized such problems.[269][270] This led researchers in many nations to take part, particularly in India and Russia.[271]
Reception
User growth and decline
Facebook's speedy increase began as quickly because it have become to be had and endured via 2018, before starting to say no.
Facebook handed 100 million registered users in 2008,[272] and 500 million in July 2010.[51] According to the organization's statistics at the July 2010 statement, half of of the website online's membership used Facebook each day, for a mean of 34 minutes, whilst 150 million users accessed the web site by way of mobile.[52]
In October 2012 Facebook's month-to-month active users handed a billion,[79][273] with six hundred million cellular users, 219 billion image uploads, and 140 billion pal connections.[80] The 2 billion consumer mark turned into crossed in June 2017.[274][275]
In November 2015, after skepticism about the accuracy of its "monthly active users" dimension, Facebook modified its definition to a logged-in member who visits the Facebook web site through the internet browser or mobile app, or uses the Facebook Messenger app, within the 30 day period prior to the size. This excluded the usage of third-birthday party offerings with Facebook integration, which became previously counted.[276]
From 2017 to 2019, the proportion of the U.S. Populace over the age of 12 who use Facebook has declined, from sixty seven% to 61% (a decline of a few 15 million U.S. Users), with a higher drop-off amongst younger Americans (a lower in the share of U.S. 12- to 34-12 months-olds who are customers from fifty eight% in 2015 to 29% in 2019).[277][278] The decline coincided wit.h an incre.ase within the popularity of Instagram, which is .also. owned by using Facebook Inc.[277][278]
Historically, commentators have provided predictions of Facebook's decline or give up, based totally on reasons together with a declining person. base;[279] the prison problems of being a closed platform, incapacity to generate revenue, lack of ability to provide consumer privateness, lack of ability to conform to mobile platforms, or Facebook finishing itself to offer a subsequent technology alternative;[280] or Facebook's po.sition in Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections.[281]
Facebook popularity. Active users of Facebook increased from just one million
in 2004 to over 2.Three billion in 2018.[268]
Population pyramid of Facebook customers with the aid of age As of 2010[282].
